The Inca Trail to Machu Picchu: A 4 Day Hike
Completing the four day Inca Trail to Machu Picchu is one of the most incredible things I have ever experienced. It is truly amazing. If witnessing this iconic archaeological site isn’t on your Bucket List - it should be.
Machu Picchu became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983 and then one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in 2007 and is now Peru’s most visited attraction. Constructed on the eastern slopes of the Vilcanota mountain range, Machu Picchu is located approximately 80 miles from Cusco and visited by millions of people every year.
Trekking through cloud forests, camping deep within the Peruvian Andes, conquering three mighty mountain passes, exploring numerous Inca sites (not just Machu Picchu) and making friends for life - I would go back and do it all again in a heartbeat!
Check out my experience of the classic four day Inca Trail to Machu Picchu …
Cusco and the Surrounding Inca Sites
Our adventure began with an acclimatisation trek and a tour of Cusco’s most sacred sights. Cusco, the former capital of the Incan empire, is the gateway to Machu Picchu and a colourful city situated in the heart of the Peruvian Andes.
We visited the sites of Sacsayhuaman and the Inca water temple of Tambo Machay set high in the mountains at 3700m. Both archaeological sites demonstrated the skill and power of the Incan Empire, managing to manipulate stone into finely cut blocks and spectacular structures.
Our acclimatisation trek took us on a journey through the open moorlands and lush green hills surrounding Cusco. It felt great to experience hiking at altitude - testing out our kit (and lungs) in preparation for the upcoming days. After a couple of hours of hiking, we stopped for a picnic, prepared for by our amazing guides. We enjoyed a mighty feast with fantastic views of Cusco, surrounded by dramatic peaks.
It was here that we had our briefing for the next part of our adventure - our four-day trek along the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu! Hearing all about the next few days filled me an overwhelming sense of nerves and excitement; camping in the mountains, taking on Dead Woman’s Pass, no phone signal and the excitement of finally being able to explore Machu Picchu - something that has been on my Bucket List for a very long time!
The rest of our hike back down to Cusco was filled with animated chatter amongst my fellow trekkers, excited for what the next four days will bring…
Day 1 - KM82 to Wayllabamba
The day started with an unexpected twist… We had risen early to enjoy breakfast before transferring to the start of the Inca Trail and in between a few forced mouthfuls of jam and toast, the walls began to shake. Everyone looked to each in confusion before a member of staff calmly asked us to quickly move into the courtyard - we were experiencing an earthquake. As quickly as it had started, the shaking stopped and we returned to our unfinished breakfasts in a state of disbelief. It all adds to the adventure, right?
After a 2 hour transfer, we arrived at Km82 to collect our Inca Trail permits and meet our inspirational team of porters who were to accompany us over the next few days. It was then time to begin our 52km trek through the Andes to the most famous archaeological site in South America!
The first section of our trek followed the picturesque Urubamba River. Starting with a steep incline, that didn’t seem to end, I began asking myself why had I signed myself up for this? But the conversation and laughter amongst my new friends were enough of a distraction to keep me occupied until we reached the Patallacta viewpoint.
Wow. What an incredible surprise. Patallacta is an impressive archaeological site and a historic resting point along the old road to Machu Picchu. We all just took a few moments here to absorb the sights and sounds surrounding us.
The rest of the day continued along the Kusichaca Valley to Wayllabamba, where our first campsite was located. Our amazing head guide, Ruben, stopped at various points along the trail to explain the fascinating history of the Inca’s, the struggle they had to survive and their humble way of life.
Day 2 - Wayllabamba to Pacaymayo
We woke at 5am to a lovely surprise. The porters had brought us a bowl of soap and hot water accompanied with a coca tea. Coca tea is popular amongst those who live in the Andes, especially Peru and is thought to help relieve the symptoms of altitude sickness. I sat outside my tent and enjoyed my tea, taking in the views of the mountains. What an incredible start to the day, I didn’t want to be anywhere else but here.
After packing away my things, and enjoying breakfast with my fellow trekkers, it was time for day two. Today we would take on Dead Woman’s Pass. At 4215m high, the pass is the highest point on the way to Machu Picchu - and the nerves were kicking in. We climbed high above the treeline whilst the clouds lifted to reveal the panoramic views of surrounding mountains and valleys. We passed cloud forests, lichens and orchids en route, and were even treated to the company of a beautiful hummingbird during one of our breaks.
We continued to climb as the Inca Trail gradually became a series of continuous stone steps, with Dead Woman’s Pass on the horizon. Up and up we went, feeling the effects of the altitude. My chest was tight, every step was an effort and my heart was beating rapidly. After what felt like a lifetime, we eventually made it to the top of Dead Woman’s Pass! There were tears, hugs and laughter. We had made it! The hardest section of the trail was behind us.
Or so we thought. We then had to trek down the other side of the mountain - a 600m drop, cutting deep into the valley below. The stone path was brutal on the knees and controlling my jelly-like legs took all my concentration. But we eventually made it to our campsite. Our porters, who had rushed ahead of us to set up our tents, welcomed us with open arms.
Day 3 - Pacaymayo to Winayhuayna
Our third day on the Inca Trail saw us take on two more high mountain passes. We woke in the most beautiful of surroundings, with views of snow-covered mountains, and after our hot tea and breakfast, we continued our adventure.
The first pass, named Runkurakay, took us to 3950m with more incredible views of the Peruvian Andes coming into view as the mist lifted. We had been so lucky with the weather so far, with blue skies accompanying us every step of the way.
Before ascending our second mountain pass of the day, we came across the archaeological site of Sayacmarka. This Inca ruin is believed to be an ancient village and sacred area, dedicated to the mountains. We were all pleasantly surprised at how many Inca ruins we passed on our way to Machu Picchu. I was coming to realise that this trek really was about the journey, not just the destination.
Before conquering our third and final high mountain pass, we carefully manoeuvred our way through our first Inca tunnel, cutting through the mountain rock. Another unexpected experience to remember! We then continued uphill to Phuyupatamarka at 3600m, surrounded by lush green mountains and the snow-covered peaks of distant summits.
It was then time to descend to our final campsite of the trip. The downhill sections were steep, journeying down hundreds of narrow stone steps back into the cloud forest. We continued down the original Inca stairway, passing through more Inca tunnels and descended to Winayhuayna for a good night's rest before our final trek to Machu Picchu!
Day 4 - Winayhuayna to the Sun Gate and Machu Picchu
At approximately 2am I was woken by the sound of heavy rain bouncing off my tent. Our first drop of rain and it had to be just before our final descent to one of the most iconic wonders of the world! Rather than waking us up at 5am, our guides let us sleep until 6 - there was no point heading to the Sun Gate yet, whilst Machu Picchu was still hidden in a thick cloud.
Dressed in colourful ponchos we started our final hike along the Inca Trail, keeping our spirits high despite the unfortunate weather. The path was extremely narrow in parts, with dramatic drops to the right. We were told to hug the mountainside as we carefully manoeuvred along the path, not daring to look down. The rain started to ease and after a couple of hours, we arrived at the Sun Gate: once a guardhouse marking the entrance to Machu Picchu.
As we slowly made our way through the Sun Gate, we were met with a thick layer of cloud blocking our view of the iconic Inca site. To tell you the truth, we were all slightly disappointed - having trekked over 50km and over three high mountain passes to reach this point, to be greeted by thick cloud.
After a short while, the clouds thinned slightly and we were able to make out Machu Picchu, faintly in the distance. Even behind a layer of mist, it was still an impressive sight. It was then time for the final section of our journey as we descended the last few kilometres to Machu Picchu itself. After walking for just over an hour, we arrived at the base of the archaeological site and the clouds finally rose, revealing one of the most magnificent sights I have ever seen.
Exploring Machu Picchu
Set in a spectacular location, Machu Picchu is surrounded by lush vegetation and towering mountains. The giant walls and multiple terraces of Machu Picchu, cut out of natural rock formations, are perfectly situated amongst a rich diversity of flora and fauna.
Wandering around Machu Picchu, I was left in awe at the Inca’s most impressive achievement, built during the peak of their power. The perfectly cut stone, placed together so precisely that no mortar was required, was done so with no modern machinery. The complex of palaces, temples and homes were built without iron, steel or wheels - just incredible!
As we explored the site, we listened intently to our guide, soaking up the history of this iconic landmark. Occupied by at least three generations of Incas, Machu Picchu was eventually abandoned - the reason is still unknown to this day. It remained hidden for more than 4 centuries and despite the site being known by the local indigenous people, it was virtually forgotten until the early 20th century.
Having escaped detection from the conquering Spaniards, Machu Picchu’s existence was not widely known until 1911 when Yale University professor, Hiram Bingham, was led to the site by Melchor Arteaga. The site was mistakenly thought to be Espiritu Pampa; the “lost city of the Incas”, but soon discovered to be something different. Archaeological work was carried out between the years of 1912 and 1915 and in 1913, the National Geographic magazine published an extensive article about Machu Picchu, revealing the awe-inspiring ancient city to the rest of the world.
We enjoyed two hours exploring Machu Picchu, wishing we could stay for longer, before hopping on a bus to the nearest town of Aguas Calientes. Here we enjoyed a well deserved celebratory meal, spending the afternoon reminiscing about our incredible journey.
Machu Picchu alongside its mountainous backdrop will be an image that lasts with me a lifetime.
Inca Trail to Machu Picchu FAQs
Where is Machu Picchu?
Machu Picchu is located in the Cusco Region of Peru, South America. It's situated approximately 50 miles northwest of Cusco, the historic capital of the Inca Empire, and sits at an altitude of around 7,970 feet (2,430 meters) above sea level.
How difficult is the Inca Trail?
The difficulty of the Inca Trail varies depending on the route you choose. There are several options, but the Classic Inca Trail is the most popular. It's considered a moderate to challenging trek due to its steep ascents, descents, and high-altitude conditions. The altitude can be particularly challenging for some hikers. However, with proper preparation and a reasonable level of fitness, it is achievable for most people.
How fit do you need to be to walk the Inca Trail?
While you don't need to be a professional athlete, a reasonable level of fitness is essential to enjoy the Inca Trail trek. You'll be hiking for several days, covering varied terrain and dealing with altitude. It's advisable to engage in a regular fitness routine that includes cardio, strength training, and hiking to prepare for the trek.
What is the hardest part of the Inca Trail?
The most challenging section of the Inca Trail is often considered to be the climb to the highest point, known as Dead Woman's Pass (Warmiwañusca), which stands at an elevation of approximately 13,828 feet (4,215 meters). The steep and relentless ascent to this pass can be physically demanding, especially due to the high altitude.
What does Machu Picchu mean in English?
Machu Picchu is often translated as "Old Peak" or "Old Mountain" in English. It is derived from the Quechua language, spoken by the Inca civilisation.
How long does it take to walk the Inca Trail?
The Classic Inca Trail typically takes four days and three nights to complete. The trek covers approximately 26 miles (42 kilometers) of breathtaking landscapes, ancient ruins, and dense forests. You'll spend your nights at designated campsites along the route.
Can a beginner hike Machu Picchu?
While it's not impossible for a beginner to hike the Inca Trail, it's highly recommended to have some hiking experience and good physical fitness. Beginners might find it more enjoyable and less strenuous to start with shorter, less challenging hikes in the region and gradually work their way up to the Inca Trail.
Is the Inca Trail harder than Kilimanjaro?
Comparing the Inca Trail to Kilimanjaro is like comparing apples to oranges. Both treks have their unique challenges. Kilimanjaro is a high-altitude mountain climb, while the Inca Trail is a multi-day trek with its own difficulties, such as steep terrain and altitude. The choice between them depends on your personal preferences and goals, as well as your experience level.
I personally found the Inca Trail more challenging - as the hiking days were long and walking speed much quicker than whilst on Kilimanjaro.
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